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Chapter 2.1b Ferrar Large Igneous Province: petrology

View ORCID ProfileDavid H. Elliot and View ORCID ProfileThomas. H. Fleming
Geological Society, London, Memoirs, 55, 93-119, 19 February 2021, https://doi.org/10.1144/M55-2018-39
David H. Elliot
1School of Earth Sciences and Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
2Department of Earth Sciences, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, CT 06515, USA
Roles: [Data curation (Supporting)], [Formal analysis (Equal)], [Investigation (Equal)], [Writing – original draft (Lead)], [Writing – review & editing (Equal)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Thomas. H. Fleming
2Department of Earth Sciences, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, CT 06515, USA
Roles: [Data curation (Lead)], [Formal analysis (Equal)], [Investigation (Equal)], [Writing – original draft (Supporting)], [Writing – review & editing (Equal)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
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Abstract

The Lower Jurassic Ferrar Large Igneous Province consists predominantly of intrusive rocks, which crop out over a distance of 3500 km. In comparison, extrusive rocks are more restricted geographically. Geochemically, the province is divided into the Mount Fazio Chemical Type, forming more than 99% of the exposed province, and the Scarab Peak Chemical Type, which in the Ross Sea sector is restricted to the uppermost lava. The former exhibits a range of compositions (SiO2 = 52–59%; MgO = 9.2–2.6%; Zr = 60–175 ppm; Sri = 0.7081–0.7138; εNd = −6.0 to −3.8), whereas the latter has a restricted composition (SiO2 = c. 58%; MgO = c. 2.3%; Zr = c. 230 ppm; Sri = 0.7090–0.7097; εNd = −4.4 to −4.1). Both chemical types are characterized by enriched initial isotope compositions of neodymium and strontium, low abundances of high field strength elements, and crust-like trace element patterns. The most basic rocks, olivine-bearing dolerites, indicate that these geochemical characteristics were inherited from a mantle source modified by subduction processes, possibly the incorporation of sediment. In one model, magmas were derived from a linear source having multiple sites of generation each of which evolved to yield, in sum, the province-wide coherent geochemistry. The preferred interpretation is that the remarkably coherent geochemistry and short duration of emplacement demonstrate derivation from a single source inferred to have been located in the proto-Weddell Sea region. The spatial variation in geochemical characteristics of the lavas suggests distinct magma batches erupted at the surface, whereas no clear geographical pattern is evident for intrusive rocks.

  • © 2021 The Author(s). Published by The Geological Society of London. All rights reserved
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Geological Society, London, Memoirs: 55 (1)
Geological Society, London, Memoirs
Volume 55
2021
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Chapter 2.1b Ferrar Large Igneous Province: petrology

David H. Elliot and Thomas. H. Fleming
Geological Society, London, Memoirs, 55, 93-119, 19 February 2021, https://doi.org/10.1144/M55-2018-39
David H. Elliot
1School of Earth Sciences and Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
2Department of Earth Sciences, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, CT 06515, USA
Roles: [Data curation (Supporting)], [Formal analysis (Equal)], [Investigation (Equal)], [Writing – original draft (Lead)], [Writing – review & editing (Equal)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for David H. Elliot
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Thomas. H. Fleming
2Department of Earth Sciences, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, CT 06515, USA
Roles: [Data curation (Lead)], [Formal analysis (Equal)], [Investigation (Equal)], [Writing – original draft (Supporting)], [Writing – review & editing (Equal)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Thomas. H. Fleming

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Chapter 2.1b Ferrar Large Igneous Province: petrology

David H. Elliot and Thomas. H. Fleming
Geological Society, London, Memoirs, 55, 93-119, 19 February 2021, https://doi.org/10.1144/M55-2018-39
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Distribution of dolerite sills, dykes and large intrusions
    • Prior geochemical studies
    • Petrography
    • Geochemistry
    • Post-emplacement alteration and secondary mineralization
    • Magma emplacement at supracrustal depths and evolution
    • Origin
    • Transport path
    • Some outstanding issues
    • Summary
    • Acknowledgements
    • Author contributions
    • Funding
    • Data availability
    • Appendix A: Grid references for field photographs and samples in Tables 3 and 5
    • References
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