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Chapter 7.5 Active subglacial volcanism in West Antarctica

View ORCID ProfileEnrica Quartini, Donald D. Blankenship and View ORCID ProfileDuncan A. Young
Geological Society, London, Memoirs, 55, 785-803, 30 March 2021, https://doi.org/10.1144/M55-2019-3
Enrica Quartini
1University of Texas Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
2Department of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
Roles: [Conceptualization (Equal)], [Data curation (Supporting)], [Formal analysis (Lead)], [Visualization (Lead)], [Writing – original draft (Lead)], [Writing – review & editing (Lead)]
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  • ORCID record for Enrica Quartini
Donald D. Blankenship
1University of Texas Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
Roles: [Conceptualization (Lead)], [Methodology (Equal)], [Project administration (Lead)], [Supervision (Lead)]
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Duncan A. Young
1University of Texas Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
Roles: [Conceptualization (Supporting)], [Funding acquisition (Equal)], [Methodology (Supporting)], [Software (Supporting)], [Visualization (Supporting)], [Writing – original draft (Supporting)], [Writing – review & editing (Equal)]
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

A combination of aerogeophysics, seismic observations and direct observation from ice cores, and subglacial sampling, has revealed at least 21 sites under the West Antarctic Ice Sheet consistent with active volcanism (where active is defined as volcanism that has interacted with the current manifestation of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet). Coverage of these datasets is heterogeneous, potentially biasing the apparent distribution of these features. Also, the products of volcanic activity under thinner ice characterized by relatively fast flow are more prone to erosion and removal by the ice sheet, and therefore potentially under-represented. Unsurprisingly, the sites of active subglacial volcanism that we have identified often overlap with areas of relatively thick ice and slow ice surface flow, both of which are critical conditions for the preservation of volcanic records. Overall, we find the majority of active subglacial volcanic sites in West Antarctica concentrate strongly along the crustal-thickness gradients bounding the central West Antarctic Rift System, complemented by intra-rift sites associated with the Amundsen Sea–Siple Coast lithospheric transition.

  • © 2021 The Author(s). Published by The Geological Society of London. All rights reserved
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Geological Society, London, Memoirs: 55 (1)
Geological Society, London, Memoirs
Volume 55
2021
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Chapter 7.5 Active subglacial volcanism in West Antarctica

Enrica Quartini, Donald D. Blankenship and Duncan A. Young
Geological Society, London, Memoirs, 55, 785-803, 30 March 2021, https://doi.org/10.1144/M55-2019-3
Enrica Quartini
1University of Texas Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
2Department of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
Roles: [Conceptualization (Equal)], [Data curation (Supporting)], [Formal analysis (Lead)], [Visualization (Lead)], [Writing – original draft (Lead)], [Writing – review & editing (Lead)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Enrica Quartini
Donald D. Blankenship
1University of Texas Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
Roles: [Conceptualization (Lead)], [Methodology (Equal)], [Project administration (Lead)], [Supervision (Lead)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Duncan A. Young
1University of Texas Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
Roles: [Conceptualization (Supporting)], [Funding acquisition (Equal)], [Methodology (Supporting)], [Software (Supporting)], [Visualization (Supporting)], [Writing – original draft (Supporting)], [Writing – review & editing (Equal)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Duncan A. Young
  • For correspondence: [email protected]

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Chapter 7.5 Active subglacial volcanism in West Antarctica

Enrica Quartini, Donald D. Blankenship and Duncan A. Young
Geological Society, London, Memoirs, 55, 785-803, 30 March 2021, https://doi.org/10.1144/M55-2019-3
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    • Abstract
    • WARS geological context for subglacial volcanism
    • WAIS glaciological context for subglacial volcanism
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    • Active subglacial volcanic sectors
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