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Chapter 5.1a Northern Victoria Land: volcanology

View ORCID ProfileJohn L. Smellie and View ORCID ProfileSergio Rocchi
Geological Society, London, Memoirs, 55, 347-381, 19 February 2021, https://doi.org/10.1144/M55-2018-60
John L. Smellie
1School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
Roles: [Conceptualization (Equal)], [Formal analysis (Lead)], [Investigation (Equal)], [Methodology (Lead)], [Writing – original draft (Lead)], [Writing – review & editing (Lead)]
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Sergio Rocchi
2Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Universitá di Pisa, Via Santa Maria 53, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
Roles: [Conceptualization (Equal)], [Formal analysis (Supporting)], [Investigation (Equal)], [Visualization (Equal)], [Writing – review & editing (Supporting)]
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Abstract

Neogene volcanism is widespread in northern Victoria Land, and is part of the McMurdo Volcanic Group. It is characterized by multiple coalesced shield volcanoes but includes a few relatively small stratovolcanoes. Two volcanic provinces are defined (Hallett and Melbourne), with nine constituent volcanic fields. Multitudes of tiny monogenetic volcanic centres (mainly scoria cones) are also scattered across the region and are called the Northern Local Suite. The volcanism extends in age between middle Miocene (c. 15 Ma) and present but most is <10 Ma. Two centres may still be active (Mount Melbourne and Mount Rittmann). It is alkaline, varying between basalt (basanite) and trachyte/rhyolite. There are also associated, geographically restricted, alkaline gabbro to granite plutons and dykes (Meander Intrusive Group) with mainly Eocene–Oligocene ages (52–18 Ma). The isotopic compositions of the plutons have been used to infer overall cooling of climate during the Eocene–Oligocene. The volcanic sequences are overwhelmingly glaciovolcanic and are dominated by ‘a‘ā lava-fed deltas, the first to be described anywhere. They have been a major source of information on Mio-Pliocene glacial conditions and were used to establish that the thermal regime during glacial periods was polythermal, thus necessitating a change in the prevailing paradigm for ice-sheet evolution.

  • © 2021 The Author(s). Published by The Geological Society of London. All rights reserved
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Geological Society, London, Memoirs: 55 (1)
Geological Society, London, Memoirs
Volume 55
2021
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Chapter 5.1a Northern Victoria Land: volcanology

John L. Smellie and Sergio Rocchi
Geological Society, London, Memoirs, 55, 347-381, 19 February 2021, https://doi.org/10.1144/M55-2018-60
John L. Smellie
1School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
Roles: [Conceptualization (Equal)], [Formal analysis (Lead)], [Investigation (Equal)], [Methodology (Lead)], [Writing – original draft (Lead)], [Writing – review & editing (Lead)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
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  • ORCID record for John L. Smellie
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Sergio Rocchi
2Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Universitá di Pisa, Via Santa Maria 53, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
Roles: [Conceptualization (Equal)], [Formal analysis (Supporting)], [Investigation (Equal)], [Visualization (Equal)], [Writing – review & editing (Supporting)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
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Chapter 5.1a Northern Victoria Land: volcanology

John L. Smellie and Sergio Rocchi
Geological Society, London, Memoirs, 55, 347-381, 19 February 2021, https://doi.org/10.1144/M55-2018-60
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