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Geological Society, London, Memoirs; 2004; v. 30; p. 169-190;
DOI: 10.1144/GSL.MEM.2004.030.01.15
© 2004 Geological Society of London

Regional Relationships and Correlations

Northeastern and northwestern margins of Baltica in Neoproterozoic time: evidence from the Timanian and Caledonian Orogens

Anna Siedlecka1, D. Roberts1, J. P. Nystuen2 & V. G. Olovyanishnikov3

1 Geological Survey of Norway, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway david.roberts{at}ngu.no
2 Department of Geology, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway j.p.nystuen{at}geologi.uio.no
3 Institute of Geology, Komi Research Centre, Ural Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pervomaiskaya 54, Syktyvkar, 167000 Russia Olovyanishnikov{at}geo.komisc.ru
1 Geological Survey of Norway, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway anna.siedlecka{at}ngu.no

The Neoproterozoic depositional histories of the Timanian and Baltoscandian, orthogonal margins of Baltica show several important differences but also some similarities. The Timanian margin comprises mainly low-grade, terrigenous sedimentary successions with a distinctive, margin-parallel fault zone separating pericratonic and basinal domains. Magmatic rocks are comparatively rare on land, but are common in deep drillcores recovered from beneath the Pechora Basin. Conversion to an active margin occurred in latest Riphean time, ultimately leading to the accretionary and transpressional regime of the Vendian-age, Timanian Orogeny. Along the Baltoscandian margin, successions of low to high metamorphic grade are preserved in diverse Caledonian nappe complexes. Three main types of palaeobasin are distinguished, based largely on sedimentary facies and basin geometry. Magmatic rocks are more common than in the Timanides, ranging from mafic dyke swarms to the voluminous Seiland Igneous Province. This margin remained passive throughout the Neoproterozoic era. The Vendian-dated dyke swarms signify the onset of Iapetus/Ægir ocean opening at precisely the time when the orthogonal Timan margin was being deformed and telescoped during the Timanian Orogeny.